The Reasons for EFL University Students Employ Hedges during Their Speaking Class

Authors

  • Imran Trista Udin Politeknik LP3I Makassar
  • Zulkhaeriyah Universitas Trunojoyo Madura
  • Fiviyanti Hasim Politeknik LP3I Makassar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34050/elsjish.v5i4.24815

Keywords:

EFL, Reasons of Using Hedges, Speaking Class

Abstract

Communication is important in language schools because it connects the meaning of a person's thoughts. As a result, as foreign language learners, students must grasp how to engage effectively with other students. In this regard, the researcher believed it was critical to explore English Foreign Language (EFL) university students' communication styles during their speaking class, which included hedges. The research aims were to discover the sorts of hedges used by EFL university students during their speaking class in an academic context, as well as the reasons why EFL university students used hedges during their speaking class. This study was conducted at Politeknik LP3I Makassar and it was focused on the students in the first semester in subject Basic Speaking with the total participants were 23 students of one class. The method used was descriptive qualitative method. There were 6 recordings in the interview sections the theory from Riekkinen and Svarova (2009) was used to analyze the data gained. After transcribing and analyzing the data, the results showed that the students employ hedges for some reasons. The first reason was to express a personal evaluation or a suggestion to put into practice for a current situation, the second reason was markers of vagueness that will enable students to express uncertainty, the third reason gained in interview section was to apply a need in a situational context such as request, seek permission, and giving advice, and the last reason was to apply politeness in requesting the attention of the hearer.

References

Ahmed, W.K & Maros, M. (2017). Using Hedges as Relational Work by Arab EFL Students in Student-Supervisor Conslutations. GEMA Online Journal of English Studies, 17(1)

Aceron, R. M. (2015). Conversational Analysis : The Judge and Lawyers ’ Courtroom Interactions. Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 3(5), 120–127.

Bithiah, S & Tan, H. (2015). Hedges Used by ESL Students in Single-Sex and Mixed- Sex Informal Conversation. 2(2), 169-182.

Brown, P., & Levinson, S. (1987) Politeness: Some Universals in Language usage.

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Coates, J. (1987). Epistemic modality and spoken discourse.Transactions of the Philological society, 85(1), 110-131.

Cowie, N. (2009). Observation. In R. A. Crocker & J. Heigham (Eds.), Qualitative research in applied linguistics: A practical introduction. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Dousti, M & Rasekh, A.E. (2016). ELT Students’ Gender Differences in the Use of Hedges in Interpersonal Interactions: A Mixed Method Approach Applied. Journal of Applied Linguistics and Language Research. 3, 217 – 231

Fraser, B (2010) Pragmatic Competence: The Case of Hedging. In Kaltenbock, G. et al (eds.). New Approaches to Hedging, 15-34. Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Fraser, B. (1975) "Hedged Performatives". In P. Cole and J. Morgan (eds.) Syntax and Semantics New York: Academic Press. pp.187-210.

Gay, L.R, Mills, Geoffrey E., Airasian, Peter. (2006). Educational Research Competencies for Analysis and Application (8th edition). New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.

Gribanova, T. I., & Gaidukova, T. M. (2019). Hedging in different types of discourse. Training, Language and Culture, 3(2), 85-99. doi: 10.29366/2019tlc.3.2.6

Holmes J (2001). An introduction to Sociolinguistics, 2nd edition (Longman) Harlow, Communication 10(3) 185-205.

Holmes, J. (1995) Women, Men and Politeness. New York: Routledge, Tylor & Francis.

Holmes, J. (1984). Hedging your bets and sitting on the fence: Some evidence for hedges as support structures. Te Reo, 27(1), 47-62.

House J and Kasper G (1981). Politeness markers in English and German. In: conversational Routine, edited by Coulmas F The Hague (Mouton) 157- 185.

Hua. (2011). A Study of Pragmatic Functions of Hedges Applied by College English Teachers in the Class. Journal of M & D Forum from Foreign Studies Polytechnic University, China. 562-566.

Hyland,K.(1998)Hedging in scientific research articles. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Lakoff, George (1972). Hedges: A Study in Meaning Criteria and the Logic of Fuzzy Concept. Chicago Linguistics Society. 183-228.

Lavinson, P. (1987). Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge University Press.

Miles, M.B & Huberman, A.M. (2004). Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook. Sage.

Mirzapour, F. (2016). Gender Differences in the Use of Hedges and First Person Pronouns in Research Articles of Applied Linguistics and Chemistry. International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature. 6, 5, 166-173.

Nozawa, Y. (2015). The Use of Hedges in Polite Disagreement by Japanese Advanced Learners of English. 22, 2, 175-188.

Nugroho, A. (2014). Hedging in News Stories and Editorial in Jakarta Posts and The Washington Times. Journal of English Language and Culture, 4(1).

Olsson L (2000). A study of gender-related differences in introductory letters.Unpublished Master‟s Thesis, Lulea Tekniska Universitet. (Online), from http://epubl.luth.se/1402-1773/2000/62/LTU-CUPP-0062- SE.pdf.

Prihandoko, L. A., Tembang, Y., Marpaung, D. N., & Rahman, F. (2019). English language competence for tourism sector in supporting socio-economic development in Merauke: A Survey Study. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 343, No. 1, p. 012170). IOP Publishing.

Rahman, F. (2018). The Constraints of Foreign Learners in Reading English Literary Works: A Case Study at Hasanuddin University. Journal of Arts and Humanities, 7(2), 01-12

Richard, K. (2009). Interviews. In R. A. Crocker & J. Heigham (Eds.), Qualitative research in applied lingustic: A practical introduction. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Riekkinen, N & Svarova (2009). Softening Criticism: The Use of Lexical Hedges in Academic Spoken Interaction. University of Helsinki.

Salager-Meyer, F. (1997) "Hedges and Textual Communicative Function in Medical English Written Discourse”. English for Specific Purposes. 13. p. 149-170

Said, M. M., Rita, F., Weda, S., & Rahman, F. (2021). English Language Performance Development Through Extracurricular Activities At Faculty Of Teacher Training And Education Tadulako University Palu. PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 18(08), 388-403.

Teng, Y. (2015). An Analysis of Pragmatic Functions of Hedging in American Presidential Inaugural Addresses

Varma, S.B & Tan,H. (2015). Hedges Used by ESL Students in Single-Sex and Mixed-Sex Informal Conversations. Journal of Language and Communication. 2 (2), 169-182.

Warsono, A.Y. (2016). Hedges in Classroom Speeches by English Students in Graduate Program. 6 (1), 11-19.

Wilamova. (2005). The Use of Hedges in Polite Disagreement by Japanese Advanced Learners of English. 22, 2, 175-188.

Yagiz, O & Demir, C. (2014). Hedging Strategies in Academic Discourse: A Comparative Analysis of Turkish Writers and Native Writers of English. Elsevier, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 158, 260-268.

Downloads

Published

2022-12-31

Issue

Section

Articles

Similar Articles

<< < 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.